The UK and US have opted not to sign an international declaration on artificial intelligence (AI) at a global summit held in Paris. The agreement, endorsed by over 60 countries, including France, China, and India, advocates for an “open,” “inclusive,” and “ethical” approach to AI development.
Why Did the UK and US Refuse to Sign?
The UK government cited national security and global governance concerns as key reasons for not endorsing the declaration. A government spokesperson explained, “We agreed with much of the declaration but felt it lacked practical clarity on global governance and did not adequately address national security concerns.”
Meanwhile, US Vice President JD Vance warned that excessive regulation could stifle AI’s transformative potential. “AI represents an opportunity the Trump administration will not squander,” Vance told delegates, emphasizing the need to prioritize pro-growth policies over restrictive safety measures.
Diverging Global Perspectives on AI Regulation
Vance’s stance contrasts sharply with that of French President Emmanuel Macron, who stressed the necessity of AI regulations to ensure responsible development. “We need these rules for AI to move forward,” Macron stated during the summit.
The UK’s decision is particularly notable given its previous leadership in AI safety. In November 2023, former Prime Minister Rishi Sunak hosted the world’s first AI Safety Summit, positioning the UK as a global leader in ethical AI innovation.
Mixed Reactions to the UK’s Decision
Andrew Dudfield, Head of AI at fact-checking organization Full Fact, criticized the UK’s refusal to sign, saying it could undermine the country’s credibility in AI safety. “This risks undercutting the UK’s hard-won reputation as a champion of safe, ethical AI innovation,” he said.
Conversely, UKAI, a trade body representing AI businesses in the UK, supported the decision. “We cautiously welcome the government’s stance, as it allows for pragmatic solutions and continued collaboration with US partners,” said Tim Flagg, UKAI’s Chief Executive.
What Does the Declaration Advocate?
The declaration signed by 60 nations outlines commitments to:
- Promote AI accessibility to bridge digital divides.
- Ensure AI development is transparent, safe, secure, and trustworthy.
- Reduce AI’s environmental impact, acknowledging concerns over energy consumption.
Despite not signing the primary declaration, the UK did endorse separate agreements related to AI sustainability and cybersecurity.
Broader Implications
The summit, including policymakers, tech executives, and diplomats, focused on balancing AI’s economic benefits and societal risks. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen emphasized the importance of open-source technology and international collaboration to guide AI development responsibly.
Adding to the complex geopolitical backdrop, the summit coincided with rising US-EU trade tensions, as the Trump administration imposed tariffs on steel and aluminium imports, affecting both the UK and the EU. The UK navigates a delicate diplomatic path, maintaining ties with the US while strengthening EU relations.
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